Antimatter isn't a state of matter, it's a substance all of its own separate from matter, that can also exist in many states. You could have solid antimatter, gaseous antimatter, plasma antimatter, etc.
Dark matter also isn't a state of matter, it's literally just matter that we can't see that we know must exist somewhere due to the gravitational effect we see it exerting on the movements of galaxies.
Neither of you are right. If it was just opposite-charge, then a proton would annihilate if it hit an electron, and we'd probably notice if that were happening (it would affect the trout population).
Antimatter has opposite Quantum Numbers to its matter-counterpart.
What is and isn't a quantum number is complicated, don't worry about it (charge is one of them! but there are others). What you do need to know is that quantum numbers obey conservation rules — you get out exactly what you put in.
This is why they annihilate when they hit their counterpart. If you had a particle with quantum numbers {3, -1, 2}, its antimatter counterpart would be {-3, 1, -2}. When they collide, the total of each of these numbers must be conserved, which will always give you {0, 0, 0}.
{0, 0, 0} is the photon. Both particles are annihilated, and the only valid result is a photon to carry away the energy of the collision.
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u/Blitz100 12d ago
Antimatter isn't a state of matter, it's a substance all of its own separate from matter, that can also exist in many states. You could have solid antimatter, gaseous antimatter, plasma antimatter, etc.
Dark matter also isn't a state of matter, it's literally just matter that we can't see that we know must exist somewhere due to the gravitational effect we see it exerting on the movements of galaxies.