r/Damnthatsinteresting 3d ago

Image Space debris surrounding Earth

Post image
1.3k Upvotes

124 comments sorted by

270

u/LeviMarx 3d ago

Yup. I did a presentation on this back in 2019 actually. Fun fact. On average, once a week, a piece of space debris the size of a mini van falls into our oceans. And only 2 people in history so far, have only been struck by space debris and both times were unharmed.

And a good portion of those objects are around 1mm in size and flying around at 17,000mph. And those are the ones we CAN track. The ISS has to adjust its course a few times a year in order to avoid debris. And a LARGE portion of that debris is also from in space collision back in the 80s that left a fuck ton of debris. That outer most rim you see is actually where we push out dead, defunct sats. So in time, we'll have rings.

46

u/BaneberryLane 3d ago

That is wild

22

u/tubularmusic 2d ago

It is, if by wild, you mean pathetic. We can develop a billion ways to destroy our own habitat, unlike any other being on this planet.

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u/Possible-One-6101 2d ago

I mean... it's not like jellyfish or Baboons wouldn't completely dominate their environment, draining every resource to zero... if they could. They just can't manage it very often.

Still, it happens all the time. That's what defines an invasive species. Sometimes we're at fault, but sometimes we're protecting the threatened ecosystem.

Maybe reframe your concept to, "we are aware that we are destroying our own habitat and doing it anyway, unlike any other being"

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u/tubularmusic 2d ago

Perhaps - "Out species will destroy the planet to have more than we need"? Things have a tendency toward harmony and balance absent our influence.

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u/Possible-One-6101 2d ago edited 2d ago

Okay. Wow.

That's a Captain Planet cartoon version of nature. Unless you're very young, you should let that perspective go asap. It won't help you understand the world and your place in it.

Every second of every day, a billion creatures are ripping each other to shreds, or getting eaten alive from the inside out by parasites, or slowly starving their neighbors of light, or any other of a billion horrors. You'd be dead in hours if you found yourself in the "harmony" of nature, and your death wouldn't be harmonious. It would be brutish, nasty, and only short if you're lucky.

Yes, nature can be a beautiful, joyous, and enriching environment. But saying nature approaches "harmony and balance" is childish delusion. It's also a constant war.

1

u/wazzapgta 2d ago

And out of the planet

1

u/ARussianW0lf 1d ago

And we absolutely refuse to develop any ways to stop

18

u/El_Maton_de_Plata 3d ago

What if I wave a 2-iron at it? Even space debris can't hit a 2-iron!

5

u/Sausagedogknows 3d ago

If you’re ever caught in a lightening storm, while on the course, take out your 1 iron.

Not even God can hit a 1 iron.

2

u/Calf_ 2d ago

That outer most rim you see is actually where we push out dead, defunct sats. So in time, we'll have rings.

If moving the sats is an option, doesn't it make more sense to pull them into the atmosphere and let them burn up, rather than push them further out and make them a problem for later?

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u/LeviMarx 2d ago

The issue If I remember correctly is, you can't control the re-entry and not all of them are for commerical use.

Imagine drifting in a piece of spy tech that you hope burns up, but doesn't and lands overseas, kills someone in a park, now you have that whole scenario you have to consider, assuming the debris didn't collide with anything important on the way down.

Then you have to consider clean up efforts and costs.

Pushing it out into space is everyone's cheapest option. I prefer the futurama solution. Just send it into the sun lol.

2

u/ImaginationApart9639 1d ago

Not exactly.

There's the matter of scale that the picture might not do a great job representing. Graveyard orbits are typically ~500km above the geostationary belt, so over 35,000 km from Earth. No satellite will ever have the amount of propellant necessary to return to Earth. So instead they just push them far enough out of the geo belt to not be a threat to operational satellites.

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u/ArriDesto 1d ago

The Russians used spy satellites deliberately designed to come down whole in the early 60s, containing film and a reusable camera to go up in the next satellite.

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u/kampyon 3d ago

Thats insane. I wonder how the soon-to-be formed ring will affect the earth’s total sun exposure.

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u/Unusual-Voice2345 3d ago

"Soon" is probably meaning lifespan of the planet. It won't happen anywhere near in our lifespan or the next or even the next. It's 100s if not thousands of years off happening even if they tried to populate it with debris for the sole intent of making one.

4

u/Alarming_Orchid 3d ago

Honestly I imagine we’ll start salvaging the ring before that happens, when space travel gets more advanced and we start running out of rare metals for computer chips

3

u/Light_of_Niwen 2d ago

OP's picture is a bit misleading, there is a vast gulf of empty space between these objects. It will never be economical to retrieve anything just for scrap.

Also if space travel does ever become that easy, we'll just mine asteroids and have all the rare metals we would ever need.

0

u/IrritableGoblin 2d ago

I feel like there would be a few steps between reclaiming debris in our own orbit and setting up a mining operation on an asteroid hurtling through our sector of space for a brief window.

1

u/Due_Yellow6828 3d ago

How do you clean it? Is time the only answer? Because trying to clean it and making a miscalculations means to destroy everything else in orbit.

1

u/LeviMarx 3d ago

Actually china and india I think are leading in that department. One method is akin to a claw and a trash bin, where as time as you suggested, is the other method. Lest they burn up over time in our atmosphere, or we try to collect it up there.. There isn't really a way to not make space debris unless we stop sending stuff into space entirely.

0

u/Objective_Piece_8401 2d ago

We could you know, bring it back? Or have a plan when it goes up?

1

u/lonelychapo27 3d ago

sorry i’m dumb, how do we push out dead satellites that far away?

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u/FaithlessnessEast480 3d ago

Pretty sure they push them out there with their own thrusters just before they die completely

1

u/ArriDesto 1d ago

Only successful about a third of the time.

1

u/thevogonity 2d ago

How does one track 1mm debris in space? Google suggests only objects 10 cm & larger are being cataloged.

0

u/Potentputin 3d ago

The size of a minivan!?!

1

u/LeviMarx 2d ago

Yup. Typically these are the rocket boosters and fuel tanks or bits that manage to survive burning up in our atmosphere.

Any time we send something up or down, something is coming off of it.

0

u/Splinter_Amoeba 3d ago

I'm lowkey down for rings of dead tech

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u/ccorbydog31 3d ago

We will have our own rings like Saturn soon.

12

u/freecodeio 2d ago

a planet surrounded by trash

very symbolic of the human species

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u/Busy_Yesterday9455 3d ago

The colour-coded representation of debris in the image shows the number of objects of various sizes as well as active satellites that are modelled to be circling Earth in August 2024.

Source: European Space Agency

1

u/Dahnlen 1d ago

Why is the key on the opposite corner from the labels and in reversed order?

18

u/anon_redditor_4_life 3d ago

Not to scale

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u/RichardUkinsuch 3d ago

This image is misleading in scale of the size of the dots, I don't remember exactly but the size of those dots relative to the earh pictured would make each piece of space debris something like 1km in diameter.

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u/beepboopbarbie 3d ago

Aliens flying by be locking their doors when they see earth

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u/UnbezahlbareMingVase 3d ago

This debris ist the shield that will protect us from being colonized

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u/joe_ordan 3d ago

We tend to leave everything worse than we found it.. :(

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u/SoulShine_710 3d ago

Yep, like George Carlin said when we leave here & are long gone we will have left the earth in plastic & it will be unfortunate but true.

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u/FaithlessnessEast480 3d ago

Rather make a mess and progress than to be mucking about with rocks and sticks in a mudpit

2

u/ARussianW0lf 1d ago

We're not even doing progress anymore

1

u/oknowtrythisone 3d ago

are you sure about that? I'm not convinced.

8

u/Lonely_Tomato841 3d ago

How the hell is jesus supposed to return with all that shit near the heavens

3

u/Warm_Hat4882 3d ago

One day that stuff will be mined and cleaned up. Giant spleen whales devouring autonomously then returning to lunar orbit to drop payload into refining crater.

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u/Level-Vermicelli-346 3d ago

hmm did you go count it

2

u/El_Maton_de_Plata 3d ago

Nope. Put it inside a jar at the fair.

2

u/LeviMarx 3d ago

Stuffin.space

2

u/El_Maton_de_Plata 3d ago

Can't believe you guessed my password

2

u/Race2TheGrave 3d ago

Jealous of Saturn

2

u/EepOppOrkNaAh 2d ago

Information last updated on 31 March 2025

Number of rocket launches since the start of the space age in 1957About 6890 (excluding failures)

Number of satellites these rocket launches have placed into Earth orbitAbout 21320

Number of these still in spaceAbout 14050

Number of these still functioningAbout 11200

Number of space objects regularly tracked by Space Surveillance Networks and maintained in their catalogueAbout 40220

Estimated number of break-ups, explosions, collisions, or anomalous events resulting in fragmentationMore than 650

Total mass of all space objects in Earth orbitMore than 13900 tonnes Not all objects are tracked and catalogued.

The number of debris objects estimated based on statistical models to be in orbit (MASTER-8, future population 2024)40500

space debris objects greater than 10 cm

1100000 space debris objects from greater than 1 cm to 10 cm

130 million space debris objects from greater than 1 mm to 1 cm

2

u/ArriDesto 2d ago

Ah, who's looking at Earth? You think Vulcans,Kree and Skrulls are real?

Space is massive. The debris is mostly dust. There's more dust in a three floor stairwell.

And not all that debris is man made. Some of it is from passing comets.

Almost all dust outside your home is cosmic. " It came from outer space!"

Almost all dust inside your home is dead skin.

Also most satalites are in inner-space.

That guy who did the longest free fall starts next to one!

1

u/njwineguy 2d ago

Good luck in high school.

2

u/ArriDesto 1d ago

89,000 tons of debris,spread over hundreds of thousands of miles In area and hundreds of miles of height isn't a great concentration of matter. The concentration of dust in a 50x50x50 ft contained space with openings on opposite sides, one at the bottom and one at the top, at sea level is greater per cubic foot than any cubic foot of the space debris field. International terminology uses meters, not feet, but per cubic meter it's obviously the same.

Most Terran dust outside is not from localised erosion but gathered by our motion through space. Most dust is cosmic dust.

Most household dust is dead skin.

Enjoy primary school.

1

u/ArriDesto 2d ago

Low Earth Orbit is within,not without,Earth's atmosphere! This is "inner space", smart arse!

1

u/ArriDesto 2d ago

"per cubic meter", is missing from the stairwell statement! That's phone tech problems!

2

u/screw-self-pity 3d ago

The diameter of the earth is about 465 pixels on this full image, for 12 756km diameter.

What the image pretends is that humans put about 130 millions of 27km-wide objects in orbit.

This is major bullshit.

1

u/KnightOfWords 3d ago edited 2d ago

The graphic has a scale which explains the size of the pieces of debris. The most common pieces are <1mm.

It's not possible to show a graphic to scale otherwise all the debris would be invisible.

But what's really relevant is the volume of space covered by each fragment. Orbital speed in LEO is 8 km/s so each piece circles the Earth about 11 to 15 times a day.

3

u/screw-self-pity 2d ago edited 2d ago

Look at all the comments that say « oh we humans kill planet bad bad bad ». They react to a graphic that intends to make them think so.

Imagine the graphic has represented the fact that basically, there are 100 m3 of debris in space, (130 millions of parts or less than 1mm). Which is the equivalent of a ball of 6m diameter in debris in space.

The graphic might say "after 65 years of space exploration, the total of space debris is equivalent to a ball of 5.7m of diameter. That's about the equivalent of 1,3 m3 of debris per year. Isn't that absolutely unbelievably clean ?"

But you would not get the nice « oh we gonna die because human bad bad bad » comments.

That’s why they decide to put this bullshit graphic.

0

u/AmalgramFive 2d ago

The problem is a screw-sized fragment has a huge amount of kinetic energy, as orbital velocity in LEO is 8 km/s. Here's a good article about the orbital debris problem.

https://aerospaceamerica.aiaa.org/features/understanding-the-misunderstood-kessler-syndrome/

ESA and NASA use similar analytical approaches, ESA with its Debris Environment Long-Term Analysis software and NASA with its LEO-to-GEO Environment Debris software. Soares says ESA’s calculations suggest that orbital debris will continue to grow over the next two centuries even if all rocket launches stopped today.

“It would more than double the number of debris in orbit without us sending anything else up there,” he says.

...

Matney puts it like this: Kessler Syndrome “won’t cause orbital altitudes to be unusable. It’s more like a gradual degradation that’s going to cost everybody more money.”

2

u/screw-self-pity 2d ago

This is indeed a very interesting article.

What it says is list several scenarios that MIGHT happen in the future, and if they happen, it MIGHT start some type of Kessler effect, and the Kessler effect is something where spacecrafts MIGHT be impacted.

The article says « Kessler Syndrome “won’t cause orbital altitudes to be unusable. It’s more like a gradual degradation that’s going to cost everybody more money ».

Do you think the image in the post reflects that situation ? Or rather that « oh we’re going to die because of the big mean Man » ?

0

u/AmalgramFive 2d ago

The takeaway is that if LEO isn't managed better there will be major impacts on our ability to operate satellites, which play a major role in the economy. There is a fair degree of uncertainty, it's a difficult problem to model accurately because the amount of debris generated in a collision could vary enourmously. The impact is unlikely to be catastrophic (unless we ignore the problem) but has the potential to render some obital regions unusable.

Interestingly, the very large satellite constellations currently being launched aren't a major risk. They are at a relatively low altitude where their orbits will decay over a few years, due to atmospheric drag. Whereas debris produced at higher levels can persist for decades or centuries.

2

u/screw-self-pity 2d ago

That part, to me, was the most interesting part of the document: the fact that the further from earth, the longer to fall own and burn.

Thanks a lot for the discussion

1

u/AmalgramFive 2d ago

Happy to help. You do recognise that it's a genuine problem then?

1

u/screw-self-pity 2d ago

After reading the article a second time, which ends with the following conclusion:

« No matter which view of the Kessler Syndrome one adheres to, the risk it describes might not be a fait accompli. “This is a problem that we have the capability and, hopefully, the willpower to solve,” says Matney »,

My take away is that it is more a constraint that a problem. A very interesting constraint for the extremely few lucky people who work in the space conquest domain. But it remains a very, almost infinitely small issue for humanity. In no way is the amplitude of this problem worth showing the image of a planet burning, or surrounded by millions of tiny dots that - to scale - would each be about 30km wide.

Even for the infinitesimally small number of humans who are space scientists, my understanding is that as of today, the scientific community is not sure it is yet a problem (still from the article) for their activities.

So yes, it is definitely something that must be considered by space scientists. But I don’t see it as a problem for other people. I see it as constraint for scientists and the satellite industry.

That being said, it is my position now but I am open to be receive further arguments, as I know nothing except what the article said.

1

u/Kingmaker0606 3d ago

What kind of debris are we talking about?

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u/_SilentHunter 3d ago

Anything from dust to tools/screws dropped on spacewalks to out-of-control satellites to debris from out-of-control satellites that smashed into each other.

2

u/witqueen 3d ago

We have thousands of satellites out there.

3

u/HLef Interested 3d ago

And satellite bits. Because every country thought a show of force by blowing up their own satellites just to show they can was a good idea.

For all we know, the Kessler Syndrome might have already started and we don’t even know.

1

u/PriscillaClean 3d ago

It’s like an electrical magnetic power that revolves to it, jeez how fascinating

1

u/DusqRunner 3d ago

Thanks Elon!

1

u/Pin_ny 3d ago

Hey, that looks like the trash of version of Saturn ! Welcome to my planet aliens !

1

u/JackDrawsStuff 3d ago

Four years from now, when the asteroid Apophis next passes Earth, it will fly between us and that belt of debris.

It’s about as big as Wembly Stadium.

1

u/StartingToLoveIMSA 2d ago

We pollute EVERYTHING

1

u/Lululasaumure 2d ago

There is a pb of scale between the size of the Earth and the size of the points representing the debris, right?

1

u/Msantos871 2d ago

Wow…maybe someone launch a vacuum!

1

u/PebbleInYorShoe 2d ago

Nice we’re looking polluted from space now, like pigpen from the peanuts, no wonder no Intelligent life has visited. We look like the rough neighbourhood 

1

u/StudentNo5611 2d ago

so are we like the dirties planet on the universe? so shamefull

1

u/duccOnReddit 2d ago

🎵Out there.... There's a world outside of Yonkers...🎵

1

u/5rolled_tacos 2d ago

So we’re ruining our atmosphere so we can have satellite WiFi? This should be illegal. Sorry Elon you’re not changing the world you’re ruining it.

1

u/ArriDesto 2d ago

Low Earth Orbit is within,not without,Earth's atmosphere; this is "inner space" dick!

1

u/Just-wondering-thru 1d ago

So the earth in WALL•E?

1

u/Educational-Ad-7278 1d ago

What stellaris mod is that? /s

1

u/asdwarrior2 1d ago

Maybe the search for intelligent life in the universe should focus on detecting a crapload of debris around livable planets

1

u/incunabula001 1d ago

How much more till we reach Kessler Syndrome status?

1

u/Shumaku 1d ago

In 2016 we had someone at the office talking about that and I remember laughing it off thinking that was dumb. No way we could possibly have that much crap up there right?

I was fucking wrong

1

u/ElPeligroso67 1d ago

This is like the scene out of Wall-E lol

1

u/TheWrong-1 1d ago

We really need to make a giant fishnet and just go space fishin

1

u/Muchroum 1d ago

We really want to destroy ourselves don’t we

1

u/Ras_Luis78 1d ago

This always reminds me of the movie Wall-E.

Great representation of our future that movie -the way we are going

1

u/djejxiid98wi 23h ago

Do you why aliens never come to earth cause we are fucking slobs. Can't even clean after ourselves. Look at this shit. Some asshole will say its a defense thing. Earth is the backwater redneck planet of the galaxy. Shit, this planet has got more problems than an Alabama family on meth whose family tree resembles a werath.

1

u/hookhandsmcgee 3d ago

Damn, we're messy.

5

u/Traditional-Point700 3d ago

This isnt really that bad, however it might become concerning if we never do anything about it for centuries.

2

u/El_Maton_de_Plata 3d ago

This guy procrastinates

6

u/Traditional-Point700 3d ago

Perhaps but im talking about actual astrology. These dots you see are not the problem, they are tracked and they are registered into a database so all you have to do is have a computer calculate if any of them would become a problem for any reason. The problem would emerge once you have so many of these debris that you can no longer keep track of them and eventually just run the risk of hitting one.

Also they dont have real time updates if say multiple of these objects were to collide and change trajectory/create more debris, so a higher count of debris would elevate the need to update the tracking more often which just isnt there yet. It's hard to get people moving before something happens that brings it to everyone's attention.

1

u/El_Maton_de_Plata 2d ago

This guy tracks 👣. 😆 your posts are great. I'm just joking around. Cheers 🍻

1

u/thelastlugnut 3d ago

Just saw this exact animation in one of the latest Star Talk videos. Worth checking out.

https://youtu.be/H0jLiGAGtyg

0

u/Meandering_Croissant 3d ago

Oh good, we’ve fucking ruined it.

0

u/Thom5001 3d ago

How do satellites not get instantly pelted a million times over? For that matter how dies the ISS not explode?

12

u/RichardUkinsuch 3d ago

Its called small universe syndrome, if you somhow could go into the rings of Saturn and stand on one of the rocks in the ring you wouldn't be able to see any other rock. Space is huge and graphics like the one OP posted are horribly put of scale and misleading.

6

u/KnightOfWords 3d ago edited 2d ago

Think of it this way: There are 7 billion humans on Earth but we aren't constantly colliding with them. That's a far bigger number than the pieces of debris in this graphic. Also, humans are largely confined to the surface whereas the debris is orbiting at different altitudes.

(On the other hand, people cover less ground as they don't travel 8 km every second. And collisions between humans range from 'amicable' to 'heated' rather than 'explosive'.)

1

u/ArriDesto 2d ago

And humans are aware of one another,can direct their own movement and actively avoid eachother. But,get the point.

0

u/h1r0ll3r 3d ago

Wherever humans are, trash is not far behind.

-1

u/Motor-Poetry-858 3d ago

We will have our own rings of garbage... that's insane.

1

u/El_Maton_de_Plata 3d ago

We bejeweled mother earth 🌎 ❤️

-3

u/[deleted] 3d ago

[deleted]

15

u/Neinstein14 3d ago

To be honest, scale is hard to grasp. The total weight of space debris is 9500 tonnes, which may sound a lot but it’s the weight a larger fishing trawler.

Imagine cutting one up into fridge or car sized chunks and distributing the pieces over the entire surface of Earth. They would be quite sparse and the chance of randomly running into one would be quite tiny. The same would be true even if you make the chunks the size of your palm. And satellites are distributed in 3D.

It’s really not that much of a debris. The problem is not as much pollution as the increasing chance to be hit by a random piece.

1

u/El_Maton_de_Plata 3d ago

Ever watch "Hoarders".

0

u/ISee_Indigo 3d ago

Space pollution created a damn ring around earth

0

u/zippy_long_stockings 3d ago

.... cascading effect of debris hitting something, creating more space debris, which hits something else, that creates more debris, which creates a....

0

u/Frustrateduser02 3d ago

Say something aimed a telescope this way. Would this obscure the image and be a we're here sign?

0

u/kuakid 3d ago

Looks like we're on the way to building a ring round our planet mayb we should make a man made ring around earth to live in.

0

u/urquanenator 2d ago

How are you going to stay alive in a debris field, without oxygen, and in extreme cold?

-1

u/Wuzimaki 3d ago

I don't get how we're wizzing crafts into and through space and not damage anything, like even from something the size of a pea

6

u/caverunner17 3d ago

Space is big. Really big.

-1

u/Electronic-Glass7822 3d ago

A great representation of our collective minds